| Smart Materials and 4D-Printing in Biomedical Applications: A Review |
| کد مقاله : 1065-ICME (R1) |
| نویسندگان |
|
مهدی رشیدی نوشهر *، هادی صفی ولیلو، محمد علی صائیمی صدیق، موسی ساجد دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان |
| چکیده مقاله |
| 4D printing, by adding the dimension of time to traditional additive manufacturing technologies, enables the creation of structures that can change shape or function in response to external stimuli such as heat, light, humidity, or enzymes. This innovation has paved the way for dynamic and multifunctional devices in fields like wearable technology, robotics, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. Particularly in 4D bioprinting, it allows for the fabrication of functional tissues and organs, scalable from micro to macro levels, including soft robots and cell scaffolds. The success of this technology depends on the precise selection of smart responsive materials such as shape memory polymers (SMPs), hydrogels, and liquid crystal polymers, which must meet medical standards for biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and sensitivity to stimuli. The geometry and topology of printed structures, designed using advanced computational tools, play a crucial role in controlling shape-shifting behavior. Various 3D printing methods like SLA, FDM, DIW, 2PP, and SLS form the technical foundation of 4D printing, and choosing the appropriate method depends on the application, material properties, scale, and production type. In biomedical applications, this technology has shown success in producing self-expanding stents, microneedles, drug delivery systems, and adaptive tissue scaffolds. Despite its progress, limitations in performance, cost, and material diversity remain, guiding future development toward multi-stimuli composites and integration with artificial intelligence to create self-learning systems. Overall, 4D printing with its transformative capabilities has opened new horizons in medicine, industry, and advanced technologies. |
| کلیدواژه ها |
| 3D-Printing, 4D-Printing, Smart Materials, SMPs, Biomedical |
| وضعیت: پذیرفته شده برای ارسال فایل های ارائه پوستر |
